Stage 0 Notes

The World Wide Web

The major pieces of the web are:

• Computers running a web browser, commonly referred to as the Client.
• The Internet, also known as the World Wide Web.
• The Web Servers.

The request for a web page is sent from the client computer, via a HTTP request, to the Server computer.
HTTP is the protocol to exchange or transfer hypertext. see wikipedia definition..
The Server responds by returning the requested web page file(.html) and any other files requested or required to build the web page.
The client's browser reads and inteperets the files and associated data, builds, and displays the web page.

Fig. 1 Image is courtesy of www.tutorialspoint.com

HTML document

The World Wide Web is a collection of HTML documents.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language and is the most widely used language to write Web Pages.
The HyperText portion of HTML is used to define the links, between pages or other files, called hyperlinks or links for short.
The Markup portion is used to instruct the browser on how that content should look and/or how it should be arranged.
The overall arrangment of the HTML file or structure should follow the standard outlined below.

Fig. 2 Image is courtesy of www.udacity.com

HTML Tags

Tags are used to mark-up the text document and they are what tell the browser how to format and structure the page for display. They are part of what makes up an element.
This example is considered a element  <tag> content </tag>
It has an opening tag, some content, and a closing tag. HTML uses various tags to create different elements that structure and format the content.
There are two types of elements inline and block

InLine element/tags

• The bold tag.  <b> content to be bolded </b>  Used to make text bold.
• The italic or emphesis tag. <em> content to be italicized </em>  Used to italicize text.
• The span tag.   <span> content to be spanned </span>  Used to encapsulate content inline.
• The anchor tag.   <a> content to be anchored </a>  Used for adding hyperlinks.
• The image tag.   <img src=" image path here ">  Used for setting a referrence to an image to be included in the document.
• The line break tag.   <br />  Used to end the current line and start a new one.

Block elements/tags

• The paraghraph tag.   <p> paraghraph content </p>  Used to encapsulate content in a block formated as a paraghraph.
• The div tag.   <div> content to be be devided </div>  Used to divide up content into unformated block elements.
• The header tag series (h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6).   <h1> content for header </h1>  Used to encapsulate content in a block formated as a header